Revisi I
Angklung as a Cultural Heritage
If we are talking about Angklung, of course it cannot be separated from the area of West Java. This multi-tonal or double-pitched instrument is developing in Sundanese society. In the past Sundanese tradition, angklung instruments actually have a religious ritual function to invite Dewi Sri (Goddess of rice as a symbol of prosperity) to come down to earth and provide fertility to rice. The spread of Angklung is wide and spread out of Sundanese culture. One of the famous Angklung performances in the orchestra is at the Asian-African Conference in Bandung in 1955. UNESCO established angklung as a World Cultural Heritage on November 18, 2010. In addition, UNESCO strongly recommends Indonesia to always maintain and preserve its works and cultural heritage. Although there are many modern musical instruments there, it does not make Angklung lose its existence in the music world. Even UNESCO included Angklung as the Great Work of Cultural Heritage since 2010. There are several reasons that proves Angklung is not only famous in Indonesia but also throughout the world.
Angklung has many traditions, customs, types, beliefs, practises, and values. Angklung has different traditions in their own essence. Culture is the identity of a group of people living in specific place, they have their own sketch of life what the culture says they followed at. Culture is growing which includes Angklung itself, the achievements of the past and present and makes provision for the future achievements of mankind. Culture is the result of past and present changes that occurs on it, and thus it absorb the changes itself and the culture is become the result of past and present experiences and the process continue to next generation and so on. The traditions can came from their ancestors and people who are continue doing it. Other people didn't like to continue their own traditions and adapted the customs from others cultures. Culture has a great importance. Culture is the identity of the nation, without culture the society is will not work as it be. As a country which rich in culture, it means that Indonesia is a country where the people with a sense of beauty in life. Culture also teach us to think for the nation not to think for theirself. Angklung is one culture that must be preserved, it known as a multi-tonal musical instrument that has developed with the Sundanese people of West Java and is an art in performance. Angklung is one of the national heritages that must be maintained and preserved by the Indonesian people itselfs.
There are two figures who were participated in the preservation of Angklung, their name is Daeng Soetisna and Udjo Ngalagena. Daeng Soetisna is known as “Bapak Angklung Diatonis Kromatis”, while Udjo Ngalagena developed a game technique based on the pelog and salendro barrels. In 1938, Daeng Soetigna created angklung based on diatonic scales, instead of using traditional pélog or saléndro scales. Angklung has been used for educational and entertainment purposes, and can even be played together with Western musical instruments in the orchestra. Since then, the popularity of this instrument has increased. Education also play important role in building a cultural society. Education is the basic need of human. Without education humanity will not growing, therefore almost all the cultures gives importance to education and they possess only education for their success. Then, his student Daeng Soetisna, Udjo Ngalagena continue to preserve his teacher's findings by establishing Saung Angklung Udjo in Bandung. Udjo Ngalagena, known as a figure who developed the angklung technique, teaches people how to play angklung. He also built Saung Angklung Udjo in Bandung for more people would know the history of angklung and its identity. And now Saung Angklung Udjo is one of the tourist attractions in Bandung where the visitors can see for theirselves the process of making an angklung to the stage action that is staged every week.
Daeng Soetigna first transform Indonesian Angklung from traditional pentatonic tone scale, and it become the "Diantonis" "Kromatis" Tone Scale. The function of the Angklung is for education and entertainment purposes. The development Daeng Soetigna Angklung in the late 60’s, have two different effect. In one side, it increase the appreciation of people on angklung. But in other hand, it slowly reduce the growth of traditional angklung. Udjo Ngalagena developed new style of pentatonic traditional angklung and also develop a new tone scale in angklung called madenda. It enrich the traditional tone scale. Nowadays, Sundanese Angklung tone scale is not only be played in pelog and salendro, but it also in madenda. Udjo’s innovation on traditional angklung become one of the solution in preserving the traditional Sundanese Angklung.
Angklung has attracted a lot of attentions through the world. In 1955, Asian-African conference located in Bandung made an orchestra Angklung performance. Udjo Ngalagena, a student of Daeng Soetigna, then opened the "Saung Angklung" (Angklung House) in 1966 as a center for Angklung development. In 2008 there were 11.000 angklung players in Jakarta and 5.000 angklung players in Washington DC and broke the latest record at that time. Since November 2010, UNESCO has recorded angklung as the Great Work of Cultural Heritage. At the April 2015 Asia-Africa Conference (KAA), 20.704 people gathered together at the Siliwangi Stadium in Bandung to play the songs "I Will Survive" and "We Are The World" using angklung instruments. 4.117 of them are children with special needs. Angklung history has changed from what was previously only played in theSundanese area now the whole world is familiar with angklung music.
As for my statement, Angklung is a cultural world heritage that must be preserved, especially by Indonesian people itself. Angklung must be protected and known to the young generation because nowadays culture rarely be recognized by the younger generation. We can protect the heritage from our ancestor in many ways. Learn the culture, whether it's just to know or participate in practising it in our lives. Teaching the culture to the next generation so that culture it's not disappered and can still survive. Love your own culture without degrading and harassing other people’s culture. We should be preserved and introduce it to the young generation so that the heritage won't be extinct.
Angklung as a Cultural Heritage
Speaking of angklung, of course it cannot be separated from the area of West Java. This multi-tonal or double-pitched instrument is developing in Sundanese society. In the past Sundanese tradition, angklung instruments actually have a religious ritual function - to invite Dewi Sri (Goddess of rice as a symbol of prosperity) to come down to earth and provide fertility to rice.The spread of Angklung is widespread and spread out of Sundanese culture. One of the famous Angklung performances in the orchestra was at the Asian-African Conference in Bandung in 1955. UNESCO established angklung as World Cultural Heritage on November 18, 2010. In addition, UNESCO strongly recommends Indonesia to always maintain and preserve its works and cultural heritage. Although there are many modern musical instruments there, it does not make Angklung lose its existence in the music world. Even UNESCO included Angklung as the Great Work of Cultural Heritage of Man since 2010. There are several reason that proves Angklung is not only famous in Indonesia but also throughout the world.
Angklung have many traditions, customs, types, beliefs, practices, and values. Angklung can have different traditions in their own essence. Culture is the identity of a group of people living in specific place; they have their own sketch of life what the culture says they follow that. Culture is growing whole which includes in itself, the achievements of the past and present and makes provision for the future achievements of mankind. Culture is the result of past and present changes that occur in it, and thus it absorb that changes in itself and the culture become the result of past and present experiences and the process continue to next generation and so on. The traditions can came from their ancestors and people continue doing them. Other people does not like continue their own traditions and adapt others customs from others cultures. Culture has great importance. Culture is the identity of the nation, without culture the society is impossible. As a country rich in culture, it means that Indonesia is a country where people with a sense of beauty in life. Culture teach us to think for the whole nation not individually. Angklung is one culture that must be preserved. Known as a multi-tonal musical instrument that has developed with the Sundanese people of West Java and is an art in performance. Angklung is one of the national heritages that must be maintained and preserved by the Indonesian people themselves.
There are two figures who were participated in the preservation of Angklung, named Daeng Soetisna and Udjo Ngalagena. Daeng Soetisna is known as “Bapak Angklung Diatonis Kromatis”, while Udjo Ngalagena developed a game technique based on the pelog and salendro barrels. In 1938, Daeng Soetigna created angklung based on diatonic scales, instead of using traditional pélog or saléndro scales. Angklung has been used for educational and entertainment purposes, and can even be played together with Western musical instruments in the orchestra. Since then, the popularity of this instrument has increased. Education also play important role in building a cultural society. Education is the basic need of human. Without education humanity is not possible, therefore almost all the cultures gives importance to education and they possess only education for their success. Then, his student Daeng Soetisna, named Udjo Ngalagena continue to preserve his teacher's findings by establishing Saung Angklung Udjo in Bandung. Udjo Ngalagena, known as a figure who developed the angklung technique, teaches people how to play angklung. He also built Saung Angklung Udjo in Bandung so that more people would know the history of angklung and its intricacies. Now Saung Angklung Udjo is one of the tourist attractions in Bandung where every visitor can see for themselves the process of making an angklung to the stage action that is staged every week.
Daeng Soetigna first transform Indonesian Angklung from traditional pentatonic tone scale, become "Diantonis" "Kromatis" Tone Scale. The function of the Angklung is for education and enterntainment purposes. The development Daeng Soetigna Angklung in the late 60’s, have two different effect. In one side, it increase the apresiation of people on angklung. But in other hand, it slowly reduce the growth of traditional angklung. Udjo Ngalagena developed new style of pentatonic traditional angklung and also develop a new tone scale in angklung called madenda. It enrich the traditional tone scale. Nowadays, Sundanese Angklung tone scale not only played in pelog and salendro, but also in madenda. Udjo’s inovation on traditional angklung, become one of the solution in preserving the traditional Sundanesse Angklung.
Angklung has attracted a lot of attention in the international world. In 1955, Asian-African conference located in Bandung made an orchestra Angklung performance. Udjo Ngalagena, a student of Daeng Soetigna, then opened the "Saung Angklung" (Angklung House) in 1966 as a center for Angklung development. In 2008 there were 11.000 angklung players in Jakarta and 5.000 angklung players in Washington DC and broke the latest record at that time. Since November 2010, UNESCO has recorded angklung as the Great Work of Cultural Heritage. At the April 2015 Asia-Africa Conference (KAA), 20.704 people gathered together at the Siliwangi Stadium in Bandung to play the songs "I Will Survive" and "We Are The World" using angklung instruments. 4.117 of them are children with special needs. Angklung history has changed from what was previously only played in the Sunda area now the whole world is familiar with angklung music.
As for my statement, Angklung is a cultural wolrd heritage that must be preserved, especially by Indonesian people themselves. Angklung must be protected and known because nowadays culture rarely recognized by the younger generation. We can protect the heritage from our ancestor in some many ways. Learn the culture, whether it's just to know or can also participate in practising it in our lives. Teaching that culture to the next generation so that culture is not destroyed and can still survive. Love your own culture without degrading and harassing other people’s culture. We should be preserved it and introduce it to the young generation so that the heritage won't be extinct.
Name: Gilang Rizky Rachmatulloh
NIM: 1830911027
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