The Cause and Effect of Culture (mid test)

Culture is a wealth for our nation Indonesia, because our nation has many tribes that spread across each island. But do you know how culture can be formed or what effects can be caused by the culture that we have or foreign cultures that enter the country.

Culture is defined as all human knowledge as social creatures that are used to understand and interpret their environment and experiences and become the basis for their behavior. Culture consists of a set of values or norms that contain prohibitions on taking action in dealing with the social, cultural, and natural environment.

Culture contains a series of concepts and models of knowledge about various actions and behaviors that must be carried out by cultural actors in dealing with the social, cultural, and nature. Culture, which is something that can not be separated from human beings, so that many people also consider it as inherited genetically. The emergence of culture is also influenced by several factors like 

Habitation: where a person lives, influences the culture they live in, for example someone who lives in the coastal area of his life cannot possibly find tea because it is not in accordance with his place of residence

External influences: these outside influences are unlimited. For example, for the area of Central Java affected by East Java. Or when an area has many people from overseas. Not only between regions, however, this outside influence also includes the influence of foreign nations

Climate: climate also affects the culture that is lived by the community. The temperature of the environment can also determine what we do. For example, for people who live in Europe, the air is cold, so they need something that can warm their bodies, one of them by drinking alcohol. Whereas in tropical countries it is rarely done, because countries with tropical climates the air is not too cold and sometimes not so hot, so it does not need alcohol for consumption.

Ancestry inheritance: a derivative of this ancestor, or can say a kind of tradition handed down to each member of his family. For example, different regional languages. This is because the descendants of our previous ancestors. They communicate using these languages so that from generation to generation the languages used differ, although usually the level of viscosity of the local language decreases.

Mobilization: this mobilization can create a new culture. For example there is East Javanese who lives in Jakarta. So that what is in Javanese people is combined with what is in Jakarta, so that a new culture is formed (acculturation occurs).

Distance and Environment: when different distances and environments occur, cultural differences occur. For example the culture in Sumatra is different from the culture in Java. Even this can also happen in the same house.

Religion: religion also influences culture. For example, in Bali most of them are Hindus, while in Medan many are Christians. The rituals and religious ceremonies performed in each of these regions are different, and this is because it is influenced by religious differences.

There are two main factors that influence the form of cultural change, namely internal factors or external factors. Internal factors include discovery, invention, and innovation .while external factors include acculturation, assimilation, and invasion.

Internal Factors
Discovery is one element of culture, whether in the form of a new tool, or even in the form of a new idea created by an individual. Or it could also be said as a series of creations from individuals in the society concerned. Examples of new discoveries for discovery factors for example; cars, motorbikes, cellphones, tablets and so on.

Invention is the recognition, acceptance and application of a society of the new invention. This is because to prove that an individual has found something new requires not only one individual or inventor / creator, but there must be a series of creators or inventors of the new thing.

Innovation occurs when new discoveries, the existence of a motivator or motivation that causes individuals to look for new discoveries are: Awareness of deficiencies in culture, The quality of experts in a culture, and Incentive for new creations.

External Factors
Acculturation is about social processes that arise when a group of people with a certain culture is confronted with the elements of a foreign culture that will gradually be accepted and processed into their own culture without losing the personality of the culture itself.

Assimilation is a process that arises when groups of people with different cultural backgrounds interact intensely and directly with each other intensively and continuously over a long period of time so that the cultures of the groups mentioned earlier, each changes their unique nature and also their respective elements. culture changes its form into mixed cultural elements.

Invasion is an attack from one country or nation to another country or nation that aims to occupy the territory of another nation or country with the intention of carrying out the occupation of the conquered nation by eliminating or minimizing the native culture of a nation

Culture influences human decision making in consumption behavior. The development of the industry due to technology makes the company mass-produce its goods in a relatively cheap manner. This also influences the change in human culture, which at first was an agrarian society, gradually turned into an urban society. As a result, new values and life patterns are created as a result of human culture that has become an urban society. This causes the needs of their lives to be more and more, thus making them continue to buy products to satisfy the needs of the new culture. Eventually a consumptive society is formed, that is, a society that always consumes goods and services.

Moreover, culture influences the fabric of social life. This growing technology affects the order of human life. Humans are accustomed to using sophisticated technologies that have been created. As a result, human culture that used to live simply, has now become very sophisticated. This cultural change creates a modern society, which is a society that lives surrounded by technology

Culture has several effects in life and here are some of the effects of culture. First positive impact from culture, culture can be an asset of the country's economy, increase foreign exchange, can make things more advanced, increasing new cultures. 

Besides having a positive impact, culture also has some negative impacts that can be caused such as culture becomes mixed and unclear, an ethnic culture change, will cause chaos between new and old cultures, and cultural displacementisplacement

After we know what culture is, the causes of culture, and what effects are caused by culture, hopefully we can be wise in culturing, preserving, and sorting it out. because if we don't turn on the culture then who else will do it.

M. Ridhon A.